When comparing wires, which has more resistance, #12 or #14 gauge wire?

The correct answer is that #14 gauge wire has more resistance compared to #12 gauge wire. In the American Wire Gauge (AWG) system, the gauge number indicates the size of the wire, with a smaller gauge number representing a larger wire diameter. Therefore, #12 wire is thicker than #14 wire, which corresponds to a lower resistance.

Resistance in a wire is influenced by its material, length, and cross-sectional area. Since #12 wire has a larger cross-sectional area, it can allow more current to flow through with less resistance, making it more efficient for conducting electricity. In contrast, #14 wire, being thinner, has a higher resistance, which means it offers more opposition to the flow of electrical current.

Understanding these principles is crucial because the choice of wire gauge can significantly affect the performance and safety of electrical installations. Using wire with an appropriate gauge helps to minimize energy loss and prevents overheating, which can be a fire hazard. Thus, in applications where higher current levels are required, selecting a wire with a lower gauge number, like #12, is the preferable choice to ensure efficiency and safety.