What is the primary purpose of a transformer?

The primary purpose of a transformer is to change voltage levels. Transformers operate on the principle of electromagnetic induction and are used extensively in electrical power distribution systems. They enable the adjustment of voltage levels to facilitate efficient power transmission over long distances. High voltage transmission minimizes energy losses due to resistance in the wires, and transformers step down the voltage to safer levels for use in homes and businesses.

While other functions like measuring current or converting AC to DC are important in electrical systems, they do not represent the main function of a transformer. Instead, transformers are specifically designed to modulate voltage, which is critical for both the generation and consumption of electrical power. Additionally, transformers do not store energy; they simply transfer energy from one circuit to another at different voltage levels without any net change in power.