What are the three states of matter?

The three fundamental states of matter are solid, liquid, and gas. In solids, molecules are tightly packed together, which gives them a definite shape and volume. Liquids have a definite volume but take the shape of their container, as the molecules are less tightly packed and can move around each other. Gases have neither a definite shape nor volume; their molecules are far apart and move freely, filling any available space.

This understanding is foundational in the study of matter and its properties, making it essential knowledge in fields such as physics, chemistry, and engineering. Recognizing the differences between these states provides insight into various physical phenomena, including changes in state, which is critical for applications ranging from industrial processes to understanding natural systems.